Search results for "Ebola virus"

Understanding the Health Disaster: Research Design for the Response to the 2014 West African Ebola Outbreak

2015

International audience; The 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa is the largest ever in history, affecting multiple countries and to this date, the World Health Organization has registered more than 6,500 deaths attributed to Ebola. The challenges arising from this outbreak to responders worldwide do not follow the standard characterisation or response patterns of natural sudden onset vs. conflict disasters. Rather, it is a medical emergency, which is intertwined with multiple challenges in the sectors decision-making, coordination, logistics and information management. In this paper, we present our research framework, which is based on desk research and initial interviews with responders. Th…

Chaperoning the Mononegavirales: Current Knowledge and Future Directions

2018

This article belongs to the Special Issue Breakthroughs in Viral Replication.

Ebola Virus Disease Complicated by Late-Onset Encephalitis and Polyarthritis, Sierra Leone

2016

To the Editor: Ebola virus (EBOV) disease is usually an acute illness, but increasing evidence exists of persistent infections and post-Ebola syndromes. We report a case of EBOV encephalitis.

The sphingosine kinase 1 activator, K6PC-5, attenuates Ebola virus infection

2021

Summary Ebola virus (EBOV) is responsible for outbreaks with case fatality rates of up to 90% and for an epidemic in West Africa with more than ten thousand deaths. EBOV glycoprotein (EBOV-GP) is the only viral surface protein and is responsible for viral entry into cells. Here, by employing pseudotyped EBOV-GP viral particles, we uncover a critical role for sphingolipids in inhibiting viral entry. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). The administration of the SphK1 activator, K6PC-5, or S1P, or the overexpression of SphK1 consistently exhibited striking inhibitory effects in EBOV-GP-driven entry in diverse cell lines. F…

Chaperoning the <em>Mononegavirales</em>: Current Knowledge and Future Directions

2018

The order Mononegavirales harbors numerous viruses of significant relevance for human health, including both established and emerging infections. Currently, vaccines are only available for a small subset of these viruses and antiviral therapies remain limited. Being obligate cellular parasites, viruses must utilize the cellular machinery for their replication and spread. Therefore, targeting cellular pathways used by viruses can provide novel therapeutic approaches. One of the key challenges confronted by both hosts and viruses alike is the successful folding and maturation of proteins. In cells, this task is faced by cellular molecular chaperones, a group of conserved and abundant proteins…

Calcium-dependent conformational changes of membrane-bound Ebola fusion peptide drive vesicle fusion

2003

AbstractThe fusogenic subdomain of the Ebola virus envelope glycoprotein is an internal sequence located ca. 20 residues downstream the N-terminus of the glycoprotein transmembrane subunit. Partitioning of the Ebola fusion peptide into membranes containing phosphatidylinositol in the absence of Ca2+ stabilizes an α-helical conformation, and gives rise to vesicle efflux but not vesicle fusion. In the presence of millimolar Ca2+ the membrane-bound peptide adopts an extended β-structure, and induces inter-vesicle mixing of lipids. The peptide conformational polymorphism may be related to the flexibility of the virus–cell intermembrane fusogenic complex.

Response to “MacIntyre et al., 2014: Respiratory protection for healthcare workers treating Ebola virus disease (EVD): are facemasks sufficient to me…

2014

The Sphingosine Kinase-1 Activator, K6PC-5, Attenuates the Ebola Virus Infection and the Virus Induced Cell Death

2020

Ebola virus (EBOV) is responsible for outbreaks with case-fatality rates of up to 90% and for an epidemic in West Africa with more than ten thousand deaths. EBOV glycoprotein (EBOV-GP) is the only viral surface protein and is responsible for viral entry into cells. It has been suggested to play a role in the cytopathic effects induced by the virus. Here we uncover a critical role for sphingolipids in inhibiting viral entry and virus-mediated cytotoxicity. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P).  The administration of the SphK1 activator, K6PC-5, or S1P, or the overexpression of SphK1 consistently exhibited striking inhibito…

Pasaules Veselības organizācijas darbība Ebolas vīrusa epidēmijas laikā: novēršanas pasākumu un krīzes vadības izvērtējums

2018

Maģistra darba tēma ir Pasaules Veselības organizācijas darbība Ebolas vīrusa epidēmijas laikā: novēršanas pasākumu un krīzes vadības izvērtējums. Pētījuma mērķis ir: analizējot Ebolas vīrusa epidēmijas krīzi, identificēt PVO darbības trūkumus un gūtās mācības. Maģistra darba izpētes jautājums ir: Kādas PVO darbības trūkumus un gūtās mācības var konstatēt Ebolas vīrusa epidēmijas krīzes laikā. Maģistra darbā izmantota starptautiskā katastrofu pārvaldības teorija, kas ieskicē galvenos krīzes vadības elementus. Darba empīriskajā daļā ir analizēta PVO darbība Ebolas vīrusa epidēmijas laikā 2014.gadā, tiek apskatīti PVO vairāki aspekti un to pilnveidošanas nepieciešamība, kā arī dalībvalstu ies…